lab · economy ← back to the lab
a visual essay on money

a million, a billion,
and where it actually goes

i got tired of numbers that all sound the same. "million", "billion" — same music, wildly different animals. so i drew them, at scale, along with french public spending and the fraud everyone loves to argue about.

scroll ↓ (every pixel below is to scale)

€0
each dot = €1,000
01 · this is €1,000,000. each dot is €1,000 — a decent net monthly salary. a thousand salaries, one million. seems like a lot already, right?
now let's draw €1,000,000,000. keep scrolling. i'll wait.
still going. a billion is not "a big million". it's a thousand entire millions.
yes. still going.
there it is: one billion. the bright square in the corner? that was your million. the whole wall is one thousand of them.
one more zoom: €1,000,000,000,000 — a trillion. each tiny square is now the entire wall you just watched fill up. you'd need about 1,000 screens of billion-walls.
same trick, with time

if euros don't do it for you: 1 million seconds ≈ 11.6 days. 1 billion seconds ≈ 31.7 years. 1 trillion seconds ≈ 31,700 years — the lascaux cave paintings were fresher than that.

💼 your salary vs a billion


🔥 the €1,000-a-day game

chapter 2

02where french public money goes

france spent about €1,607bn of public money in 2023 (INSEE, comptes nationaux). here it is as 100 coins — each coin ≈ €16bn. hover a pile for what it actually covers.

the punchline: social protection is 53 of the 100 coins — more than half of everything. and it's not a mysterious black hole of "assistanat": it's mostly pensions (27 coins) and health (15 coins). your grandma and your hospital, basically. unemployment benefits — the thing the debate obsesses over — are about 3 coins.

chapter 3

03fraud: imagined sizes vs measured sizes

ask around: which is bigger, benefit fraud (fraude sociale) or tax fraud (fraude fiscale)? people have strong feelings. let's measure instead of vibing — everything below is on one shared scale.

chapter 4 · bonus

04other numbers, same ruler

a little calibration gallery. exact same scale as the fraud towers — . scroll right inside the strip; french GDP is at the end. keep scrolling. no really, keep scrolling.

gridline every €100bn. yes, the €300M blockbuster is that sliver at the top — a rounding error on a rounding error.